We’ve often seen CPR performed in TV dramas and movies, and the whole process looks quite stressful and precise. But how easy is it to administer CPR in real life, and can anybody perform it in a pinch? Let’s find out.
What is CPR?
CPR, which stands for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation, is an emergency life-saving procedure performed on individuals experiencing cardiac arrest or a sudden loss of heart function.
During cardiac arrest, the heart ceases to pump blood effectively, leading to a lack of oxygen supply to the body's organs and tissues. The purpose of the CPR procedure is to manually maintain blood circulation and provide oxygen to the vital organs, particularly the brain. A CPR procedure involves a combination of chest compressions and rescue breaths to keep blood circulating and deliver oxygen to the person in need. The earlier CPR is initiated, the higher the chances of survival for the person experiencing cardiac arrest.
It is important to note that a CPR procedure is not a treatment for heart attack, which occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked. However, a heart attack can potentially lead to cardiac arrest, and CPR may be necessary in that situation. A CPR procedure can be performed by anyone who has received proper training, including laypeople, healthcare professionals, and first responders. It is a critical skill that can make a significant difference in saving someone's life in an emergency situation.
How to perform CPR
The CPR procedure should be performed when an individual is unresponsive, not breathing normally, and has no pulse. Some common situations in which CPR may be required include cardiac arrest, drowning, choking, or a severe injury that affects the person's breathing and heart function.
Here are step-by-step instructions on how to perform CPR:
Step 1. Gently tilt the person's head back with one hand on their forehead, and lift the chin with your other hand. This helps to open their airway.
Step 2. Look, listen, and feel for signs of normal breathing. Watch for chest rise, listen for breath sounds, and feel for breath on your cheek. Do this for no more than 10 seconds.
Step 3. If the person is not breathing or not breathing normally, begin chest compressions. Place the heel of one hand on the centre of the person's chest. Place your other hand on top of the first hand, interlocking your fingers. Position yourself with your shoulders directly over your hands, and keep your elbows straight.
Step 4. Push hard and fast, at a rate of about 100-120 compressions per minute. Allow the chest to fully recoil between compressions. Aim for a depth of about 2 inches (5 centimetres) for adults and about 1.5 inches (4 centimetres) for children and infants.
Step 5. After 30 compressions, give two rescue breaths. Maintain the head-tilt and chin-lift position. Pinch the person's nose shut, take a normal breath, and make a complete seal over their mouth. Blow into their mouth to make the chest rise. Each breath should last about 1 second.
Step 6. Perform 30 chest compressions followed by two rescue breaths. Repeat this cycle until the person shows signs of life, professional help arrives, an automated external defibrillator (AED) becomes available, or you are too exhausted to continue.
How to get certified to perform CPR?
To get certified to perform CPR, you should first find a recognized CPR certification provider in your area. Enrol in a CPR certification course offered by the provider and attend the training sessions, which usually include classroom instruction and hands-on practice. During the course, you will learn the necessary CPR technique and skill. After completing the training, you will need to pass a written exam and a skills evaluation to demonstrate your understanding and proficiency in said CPR technique.
Once you successfully pass the evaluation, you will receive your CPR certification, which serves as evidence of your training and ability to perform CPR effectively.
Disclaimer
Please note that the above recommendations are general care tips. Consult a healthcare professional in case of any uncertainty around wound treatment and healing.
Always see your doctor if a wound is deep, bleeding profusely or showing signs of infection. For diabetic patients especially, proper wound care holds the utmost importance. Do not hesitate to discuss any concerns you may have with your doctor or your podiatrist, even when it comes to minor wounds and cuts – especially if they’re on your feet.
The information provided through this website should not be used to diagnose or treat a health problem or disease. Although compiled with great care, it is not a substitute for professional advice. If you have or suspect a health problem, consult your doctor immediately.
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